Peru is located in western South America, bordering Ecuador and Colombia to the north, Brazil and Bolivia to the east, Chile to the south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. Peru has abundant mining resources and is one of the 12 largest mineral producing countries in the world, implementing a free trade policy.
01. National Overview
Currency: Peruvian Nuevo Sol (currency code: PEN, currency symbol S/.)
Country code: PER
Official language: Spanish
International telephone area code:+51
Company name suffix: EIRL or SA
Exclusive domain suffix:. pe
Population: 32.13 million (2019)
Per capita GDP: 7046 US dollars (2019)
Time difference: Peru is 13 hours behind China
Road traffic direction: drive to the right
02. Main websites
Search engine: www.google.com.pe (1st place)
News and Information: https://elcomercio.pe/ (6th place)
portal site: http://www.yahoo.com (9th place)
Video website: http://www.youtube.com (2nd place)
E-commerce platform (1): www.mercadolibre.com/pe (10th place)
E-commerce platform (2): http://www.amazon.com (25th place)
Note: The above rankings are the views of domestic websites
03. Social media platforms
Facebook (4th place)
Twitter (11th place)
LinkedIn (19th place)
Note: The above rankings are the views of domestic websites
04. Communication tools
WhatsApp
Skype
Hangouts
Facebook Messenger
Telegram Messenger
05. Network Tools
Peruvian Enterprise Information Search Website: www.paginasbrancas.pe
Peruvian currency exchange rate trend query website: http://www.xe.com/currencycharts/
Peru import tariff inquiry website: www.capechi.org.Pe
06. Major exhibitions
Peru Lima Mining Equipment and Mining Machinery Exhibition (Expomina): held every two years, every few years in September in Lima, Peru. The exhibited products include mines and related products, engineering machinery, mining power equipment and related products, etc
Expo Pesca&Acui Peru: held every two years in Lima, Peru in September. The exhibited products include fishing equipment, aquaculture equipment, shipping ships and equipment, aquatic processing and equipment, etc
Peru Lima Building Materials Exhibition (Excon): Once a year, held in Lima, Peru in October each year, exhibiting products such as building hardware, building materials, and building equipment
Peru Lima Oil and Gas Exhibition (FiGas): held every two years, every few years in October in Lima, Peru. The exhibited products include mechanical equipment, instruments, pumps, valves, etc
Expo Textil Peru: held annually in Lima, Peru in November. The exhibited products include machinery, textiles, consumables, and accessories
07. Major ports
Callao Port: Located on the western coast of Peru, it is the largest seaport in Peru and the second largest port on the Pacific coast of South America
Ancon Port: located at a ferry crossing on the Pacific coast in central western Peru
Ilo Port: located on the southern Pacific coast of Peru, it is one of the main ports in southern Peru
Lima Port: located in central Peru
Matarani Port: located in southern Peru
Paita Port: an important comprehensive commercial port in northwest Peru
08. Market Characteristics
Superior geographical location and convenient transportation
Abundant resources such as minerals, energy, agriculture, hydropower, and oceans
The tax law is relatively sound and the policies are relatively transparent
Low public debt and loose foreign exchange management
Good macroeconomic performance and strong market growth potential
Overreliance on the Chinese market
There exists a large informal sector
There are significant regional differences within Peru
09. Visiting and Visiting
Checklist of important items before travel: http://www.ijinge.cn/checklist-before-international-business-trip/
Weather inquiry: www.senamhi.gob.pe
Visa processing: Chinese citizens holding diplomatic or official passports can travel to Peru without a visa, while those holding ordinary passports must apply for a visa. Visa is divided into "short-term" and "residence" visas. Firstly, log in to the official website of the Peruvian Embassy in China, browse the relevant visa information and application materials according to your personal purpose and itinerary for Peru, prepare the visa application materials, submit the visa application, wait for visa review, and finally collect the visa
Social security: Peru's social security is poor, with a high crime rate and frequent occurrence of heinous cases such as armed robbery, kidnapping, and murder. After going to Peru, it is recommended to bring as few valuable items and cash as possible when going out, and avoid going out alone; Personal passport and ID card should be kept separately, please bring their copies when going out; If encountering danger, do not make meaningless resistance to avoid endangering life safety, and promptly report to the nearby police station
Flight selection: China and Peru have not yet opened direct routes. To travel to Peru, one must transit through airports such as New York or Los Angeles in the United States, Amsterdam in the Netherlands, Paris in France, and Madrid in Spain. Peru has abundant domestic air routes and convenient travel
Driver's license and car rental: Chinese driver's license cannot be used in Peru. To rent a car for self driving, an international driver's license is required. Avis, Hertz and other companies provide car rental services. Peruvian vehicles are left-hand drive and right-hand drive. Right turns are prohibited when encountering red lights, and headlights must be turned on on on highways
Public transportation: Peru's public transportation mainly consists of buses on main lines and small public buses with 20-30 passengers on branch lines. There are no fixed stations, and passengers should inform the driver in advance of the drop off location. For safety reasons, it is not recommended for tourists to take the bus in Peru. Taking a taxi is a better choice for travel, but taxis in Lima do not have a meter. You can negotiate the price with the driver before taking the taxi or use a ride hailing app, and try not to carpool as much as possible
Taxi app: Uber
Power supply: Voltage 220V, 60Hz, power sockets are mostly flat or circular two hole sockets (European standard), with relatively few three hole sockets
Hotel reservation: http://www.booking.com Or book a homestay on Airbnb
The website of the Chinese Embassy in Peru is www.embajadachina. org. pe, and the embassy's emergency contact number is+51 9952 03968
10. Communication topics
Peru's food and cuisine are diverse and unique. Lemon juice marinated raw fish, mashed potato pie, grilled beef heart skewers, red pepper wrapped meat, stir fried beef, roasted guinea pig, alpaca meat and other well-known dishes
Peru is the homeland of potatoes, and the Peruvian people are the earliest cultivators and consumers of potatoes. There are over 3000 varieties of potatoes in Peru, which are colorful and have strange shapes. May 30th is the annual Potato Festival in Peru, where various activities related to potatoes are held
Peru's Pisco wine is renowned worldwide and can be considered the national wine of Peru. The government designates the fourth Sunday of July each year as the Peruvian Pisco Festival. To celebrate Pisco Festival, the fountain water in front of the Lima City Hall in the capital Lima is also replaced with Pisco wine. The whole country drinks Peruvian national wine together to celebrate
Peru has a strong cultural color and many traditional festivals. During festivals, people drink and celebrate day and night, wearing traditional costumes, dancing traditional dances with traditional music, and holding grand ceremonies for many consecutive days
Peru, with its diverse natural scenery, Amazon rainforest, Andes plateau, Inca ruins, and Lake Titicaca, has become one of the most tourist destinations in the world. Machu Picchu, Paracas Nature Reserve, Nazca Paintings, Lima Ancient City, Royal Felipe Castle, Pachacamak Ruins, and National Museum are all worth visiting
11. Major holidays
January 1st: New Year's Day
April 5th and 6th: Holy Week
May 1st: International Labor Day
June 29th: St. Peter and Paul's Day
July 28th: National Day
August 30th: Lima Rose Festival
October 8th: Navy Day
November 1st: Halloween
November 2nd: All Souls' Day
December 25th: Christmas Day
12. Government agencies
Peruvian Customs: www.sunat.gob.pe
Peruvian Ministry of Foreign Trade and Tourism: www.minnetur.gb.pe
Peruvian Ministry of Economy and Finance: www.mef.gob.pe
Government of Peru: www.gob. pe
13. Trade Policy
The government departments in charge of foreign trade in Peru are mainly the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Tourism and the General Administration of Customs. In addition, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Ministry of Agriculture, and the Ministry of Health also have certain management rights over the import and export of related products
At present, except for products that harm Peru's sovereignty, security, good social morality, and disrupt market order, Peru has maximally relaxed the import of capital goods, food, raw materials, and other goods
Peru frequently adjusts the inspection and quarantine varieties for the import and export of animal and plant products, and timely publishes them on the website of the quarantine bureau, which can be found on the website www.senasa.gob.pe
Peru Customs implements the International System for the Coordination of Goods to formulate tariff codes, implements multi column tax rates, and has unified tariff arrangements for the Andean Community countries. It also has agreed tariffs with the Southern Common Market countries. Peru imports products from China at the tariff rates stipulated in the bilateral free trade agreement
14. Joined trade agreements/organizations
Free Trade Agreement between China and Peru
Southern Common Market (Mercosur)
Pacific Alliance
The Andean Community
World Trade Organization
Union of South American Nations
15. Composition of main imported goods from China
Mechanical and electrical products (HS code 84-85): Peru imported 38.17 million US dollars from China (January December 2019), accounting for 37.4%
Base metals and products (HS code 72-83): Peru imported 1328 million US dollars from China (January December 2019), accounting for 13.0%
Textiles and raw materials (HS code 50-63): Peru imported $109.2 million from China (January December 2019), accounting for 10.7%
Note: For more information on Peruvian imports from China, please contact the author of this list
16. Composition of Major Commodities Exported to China
Mineral products (HS code 25-27): Peru exported 107.4 million US dollars to China (January December 2019), accounting for 79.3%
Food, beverages, and tobacco (HS codes 16-24): Peru exported $123.7 million to China (January December 2019), accounting for 9.1%
Base metals and products (HS code 72-83): Peru exported 102.9 million US dollars to China (January December 2019), accounting for 7.6%
Note: For more information on Peru's exports to China, please contact the author of this list
17. Precautions for exporting to the country
Customs clearance documents: bill of lading, invoice, packing list, and certificate of origin (Form R or CO)
When Chinese companies export to Peru, they should first ask the local business association or law firm to investigate the importer's creditworthiness, in order to avoid doing business with importers with poor local creditworthiness
We should attach great importance to the seriousness of contract terms, take every contract term seriously, especially payment terms and arbitration clauses, and try to choose conservative payment methods. Due to the backwardness of Peruvian customs policies and infrastructure, Peruvian importers often choose to exploit legal loopholes to gain benefits, and must pay attention to prevention
18. National sovereign credit and risk rating
S&P: BBB+(65/100), stable outlook
Moody's: A3 (70/100), stable outlook
Fitch Ratings: BBB+(65/100), Stable Outlook
Evaluation Explanation: The national credit score ranges from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating higher national credit. The national risk outlook is divided into three levels: "positive", "stable", and "negative" ("positive" indicates that the country's risk level may relatively decrease in the next year, "stable" indicates that the country's risk level may remain stable in the next year, and "negative" indicates that the country's risk level may relatively increase in the next year)
19. The country's import commodity tax policy
The current tariff in Peru is an ad valorem tax, with tax rates divided into three levels, namely 0%, 6%, and 11% of the CIF price of imported goods. The nominal average tariff is 3.2%, and most products with tax numbers have implemented zero tariff
Peru imports products from China at the tariff rates stipulated in the bilateral free trade agreement. Details can be found on the China Free Trade Service website
In addition to tariffs, imported goods are subject to a general sales tax of 18%, and some products are also subject to selective consumption tax
Imported goods that are shipped via express delivery and have a FOB value not exceeding $200 are exempt from taxes and fees. Note: This tax calculation only applies to imported goods sent by express delivery, and the threshold for imported goods sent by mail is different
20. Religious beliefs and cultural customs
90% of people in Peru believe in Roman Catholicism
Peruvians have the characteristics of the Latin ethnic group, warm and hospitable. But I don't have a strong sense of time and often arrive late
Formal occasions and business dates place great emphasis on dressing appropriately, with men wearing dark suits and women wearing suits
Peruvians are accustomed to shaking hands when meeting or bidding farewell to guests in social situations. Male friends can hug each other, while opposite sex or female friends can kiss each other on the right cheek
In any case, flowers can be used as gifts
Peruvians have a taboo against crows, believing them to be ominous birds; Taboo to give swords and knives as gifts, giving these things means cutting off friendship; Avoid eating strange and unusual foods such as sea cucumbers in diet; Taboo the numbers "13" and "Friday"; The word 'death' is particularly taboo. If 'death' is used to curse others, it will inevitably lead to fighting
